憂鬱症（一）何謂憂鬱症？
補充資料: 目的：憂鬱症已經成為現代常見的一種心理病，本次查經希望幫助大家對憂鬱症有進一步的了解，從基督信仰的觀點來探討如何預防及治療憂鬱症。這一課重點在於了解憂鬱症，以及聖經上的一些看法。
註: 有標註＊的問題只適合基督徒。不是每一個問題都需要查考，帶領者可應需要調整。
參考資料： 1. Conquering Depression, WHO, http://www.searo.who.int/en/section1174/section1199/section1567_6741.htm
2.
The
3. 1st Century Answers to 21st Century Questions, SMBC Press, pp.87-94.
4. Systematic Theology, W. Grudem, pp.746-759.
【打開話閘子】
1.
你是否曾患過憂鬱症？你是否認識憂鬱症患者？你認為憂鬱症的症狀有哪些？
補充資料:
What is depression?
Major depression is due to chemical imbalance of the brain and is handled by medication; sufferers need to be referred first to their local GP. Reactive depression is so called because it is the melancholy and gloom one feels over the loss of a loved one, a job or a loved object.
l Depression is a prolonged and persistent state of sadness -- a pathological/morbid condition.
l Depression is a significant public health problem because of its high prevalence, the suffering, and sometimes death, that it causes.
l Depression leads to considerable dysfunction in all areas of life in an affected person.
l Depression is seen in many medical disorders, and persons with depression are more prone to develop secondary medical disorders.
l Suicide is a major risk during the course of depression.
l Despite effective treatment being available, a large number of depressed patients receive no treatment.
Some facts and figures
about depression
l Nearly 5-10% of persons in a community at a given time are in need of help for depression.
l As much as 8-20% of persons carry the risk of developing depression during their lifetime.
l The average age of the onset of major depression is between 20 and 40 years.
l Women have higher rates of depression than men.
l Race or ethnicity does not influence the prevalence of depression.
Symptoms of depression
l Depressed mood
l Loss of interest and enjoyment
l Reduced energy, being easily fatigued, diminished activity
l Marked tiredness on slight effort
l Reduced concentration and attention on a task
l Reduced confidence and self-esteem
l Feeling of guilt and unworthiness
l Bleak and pessimistic views of the future
l Ideas or acts of self-destruction or suicide
l Disturbed sleep
l Diminished appetite and libido
l Unexplained physical symptoms.
Source: International Classification of Disease, WHO (1992)。
2.
你覺得哪些事情可能造成人沮喪？哪一種人容易得到憂鬱症？
補充資料:
Who is at risk for getting
depression?
l Women are at greater risk than men.
l Separated and divorced people.
l A person having a close family member with depression.
l Early parental loss.
l Negative stressful events and chronic stress.
l Lack of social support.
l Family type and those living in urban areas compared to rural areas.
【觀察討論】
3. 請閱讀創世紀4:1-8，該隱做錯了什麼，神不喜悅他的供物(vv.3-5)？該隱有什麼反應？
補充資料:
亞伯給了神他最好的（頭生的和脂油），但該隱只是拿田裡的出產（通常獻田裡的出產是要獻初熟的。如利未記 2:12, 23:10, etc），該隱所作的事成為他的罪行（神所不喜悅的事，或違背神心意的事是為罪）。該隱的反應就反應出他的罪性，大大的發怒，變臉色。這是第二個罪行。該隱的反應帶出了更糟的罪行。
4. 神如何警告該隱(vv.6-7)？該隱如何回應神的警告(v8)？
補充資料: 神警告該隱不應當發怒，變臉色。並要他行對的事。但該隱卻殺了他的兄弟。這是第三個罪行，該隱對神的警告的反應也使我們看出他的罪性，他的反應就帶出了比先前更糟的罪行。
5. 請參照下列的圖，左邊的螺旋如何表明該隱的情況？你是否也是這樣？
補充資料: J.
6. 神的警告當中也包含著應許（4:6）。請閱讀羅馬書6:15-23，一個人對神的態度如何幫助人進入右邊的螺旋？
補充資料: 保羅對羅馬人的警告就好像是神對該隱的警告。神對該隱的警告當中帶著應許，行得好就蒙悅納。保羅鼓勵及賭徒要做義的奴僕，以致於成聖，一個對事情正確的回應，能夠幫助一個人成聖（越來越聖潔，向上的螺旋），但不信主的無法真正向上，因為被罪性所影響。惟有藉著對神話語的認識，做出正確的回應，才是面對憂鬱症最好的方法，從左邊的螺旋進入到右邊的螺旋。Grudem comments, “
Paul tells the
Colossians that they should not lie to one another, since they have "put
on the new nature, which is bring renewed, in knowledge after the image of its
creator" (
It is not
necessary to list multiple additional quotations, because much of the New
Testament is taken up with instructing believers in various churches on how
they should grow in likeness to
【生活應用】
7.
你現在在哪一個螺旋？你對神有什麼樣的態度？你願不願意常常在右邊的螺旋？要怎麼做？
補充資料: 要常在右邊的螺旋，必須要認識耶穌，重生得救，參羅馬書５－６章。
8. ＊求神幫助你，對罪有正確的認知和態度，求神賜能力幫助你勝過罪惡，面對困難時不要沮喪，能抗拒憂鬱症。